Mailbag

Deividson Luiz Okopnik · believed

iptables
iptables-apply
iptables-multi
iptables-restore
iptables-save
iptables-xm

> On my Macbook, I boot off a CDROM by a) putting the CD into the drive,
> b) rebooting the machine, c) and hold down the 'c' key during the
> boot process.

-- 
Chris.
======
I contend that we are both atheists. I just believe in one fewer god
than you do. When you understand why you dismiss all the other
possible gods, you will understand why I dismiss yours.
                                           -- Stephen F Roberts

Module Loader present
Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,                                                                 
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.

(==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Sun Oct  5 21:15:35 2008                                                                                                                          
(==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf"                                                                                                                         
(II) Module "i2c" already built-in                                                                                                                           
(II) Module "ddc" already built-in                                                                                                                         
(II) Module "ramdac" already built-in

waiting for X server to shut down FreeFontPath: 
FPE "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc"

refcount is 2, should be 1; fixing.

-- 
Bill Jones
userwilber2003@yahoo.com

deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian lenny main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/ lenny/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ lenny/updates main contrin non-free

-- 
Computer Aided Drafter
Dewberry
200 Broadacres Drive, 4th Floor
Bloomfield, NJ 07003-3154
973.338.9100 ext. 3116
973.338.5860 fax
www.dewberry.com <http://www.dewberry.com>

-- 
Chad Van Maele
http://www.tshirthell.com/store/link.php?id=RGlvbml4

>
> You shuld be able to use Gradint as well if you
> can find someone to record the words and
> phrases for you.

		 Shift+j (or J) - This will brings up the previous line to the end of the current.

> Oh, heck - the classic "The spirit is willing, but the flesh is
> weak"/"The vodka is good but the meat is rotten" problem is going to be
> with us for a long, long time.

There was/is an MT system which translated The spirit is willing,
but the flesh is weak into the Russian equivalent of The vodka is
good, but the steak is lousy, and hydraulic ram into the French
equivalent of water goat. MT is useless.

The `spirit is willing' story is amusing, and it really is a pity that
it is not true. However, like most MT `howlers' it is a fabrication.
In fact, for the most part, they were in circulation long before any
MT system could have produced them (variants of the `spirit is
willing' example can be found in the American press as early as 1956,
but sadly, there does not seem to have been an MT system in America
which could translate from English into Russian  until much more
recently --- for sound strategic reasons, work in the USA had
concentrated on the translation of Russian into English, not the other
way round). Of course, there are real MT howlers. Two of the nicest
are the translation of French  avocat (`advocate', `lawyer' or
`barrister') as avocado, and the translation of Les soldats sont dans
le café as The soldiers are in the coffee. However, they are not as
easy to find as the reader might think, and they certainly do not show
that MT is useless.

tar zxf proj-4.6.0.tar.gz
cd proj-4.6.0/
./configure
make
make install

tar zxf gdal-1.5.2.tar.gz
cd gdal-1.5.2/
./configure
make
make install

tar zxf grass-6.2.3.tar.gz
cd grass-6.2.3/
./configure
make
make install

grass62

WELCOME TO GRASS              Version 6.2.3         2007

   1) Have at your side all available GRASS tutorials

   2) When working on your location, the following materials
      are extremely useful:
      - A topo map of your area
      - Current catalog of available computer maps

   3) Check the GRASS Web pages for feedback mailing lists and more:
      http://grass.itc.it/
      http://grass.ibiblio.edu/

Hit RETURN to continue

Welcome to GRASS 6.2.3 (2007) 
GRASS homepage:                          http://grass.itc.it/
This version running thru:               TC Shell (/bin/tcsh)
Help is available with the command:      g.manual -i
See the licence terms with:              g.version -c
If required, restart the graphical user interface with: gis.m &
When ready to quit enter:                exit

Mapset <PERMANENT> in Location <tuscany>
GRASS 6.2.3 > 

r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/SRTM/SRTM_ffB03_p192r030.tif output=192_030
r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/SRTM/SRTM_ffB03_p193r029.tif output=193_029

r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/SRTM/SRTM_ffB03_p191r030.tif output=191_030

ERROR: Projection of dataset does not appear to match current location.

r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/SRTM/SRTM_ffB03_p191r030.tif output=191_030 location=tuscany2

g.region rast=192_029

g.region -p

projection: 1 (UTM)
zone:       32
datum:      wgs84
ellipsoid:  a=6378137 es=0.00669437999014138
north:      5065399.56462278
south:      4821139.56462278
west:       576236.63839707
east:       828866.63839707
nsres:      90
ewres:      90
rows:       2714
cols:       2807
cells:      7618198

g.region e=968866

r.proj input=191_030 location=tuscany2 output=191_030 method=nearest

r.null map=191_030 setnull=-32768
r.null map=192_029 setnull=-32768
r.null map=192_030 setnull=-32768
r.null map=193_029 setnull=-32768

g.region rast=191_030,192_029,192_030,193_029

r.patch in=191_030,192_029,192_030,193_029 output=elev
r.colors map=elev rules=srtm

g.remove rast=191_030,192_029,192_030,193_029

NDVI = (Band 4 - Band 3) / (Band 4 + Band 3)

Scaled NDVI = 100 (NDVI + 1)

r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/GIS/Landsat/p193r029_7t20010801_z32_nn40.tif output=193_29_4 location=landsat

r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/GIS/Landsat/p193r029_7t20010801_z32_nn30.tif output=193_29_3

r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/GIS/Landsat/p192r029_7t20000620_z32_nn40.tif output=192_29_4
r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/GIS/Landsat/p192r029_7t20000620_z32_nn30.tif output=192_29_3

r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/GIS/Landsat/p192r030_7t20000620_z32_nn40.tif output=192_30_4
r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/GIS/Landsat/p192r030_7t20000620_z32_nn30.tif output=192_30_3

r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/GIS/Landsat/p191r030_7t20010803_z33_nn40.tif output=191_30_4 location=landsat2
r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/GIS/Landsat/p191r030_7t20010803_z33_nn30.tif output=191_30_3 location=landsat2b

g.region e=968866

r.proj input=191_30_4 location=landsat2 output=191_30_4 method=nearest 
r.proj input=191_30_3 location=landsat2b output=191_30_3 method=nearest 

r.patch -z in=192_29_4,192_30_4,193_29_4,191_30_4 output=Landsat_B4
r.patch -z in=192_29_3,192_30_3,193_29_3,191_30_3 output=Landsat_B3

r.mapcalc "NDVI=(float(Landsat_B4 - Landsat_B3) / (Landsat_B4 + Landsat_B3) + 1)*100"

r.proj input=NDVI location=landsat output=NDVI

v.in.ogr -e dsn=/home/matt/IT/reg2001_s.shp output=reg_boundaries min_area=0.0001 snap=-1 location=italy_reg

v.extract in=reg_boundaries out=tuscany_boundaries new=-1 where="COD_REG=9"

g.region nsres=90
g.region ewres=90

v.to.rast input=tuscany_boundaries output=MASK use=val

v.proj input=tuscany_boundaries location=italy_reg output=tuscany_boundaries

r.proj input=MASK location=italy_reg output=MASK

r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/CLC/lceugr100_00/lceugr100_00_pct.tif output=CLC location=CLC

r.proj input=CLC location=CLC output=CLC method=nearest

r.in.gdal -e input=/home/matt/US/landcover13_3k_022007.img output=area13 location=USA

v.in.ogr -o dsn=/home/matt/US/landcover_bndry_030607.shp output=boundaries min_area=0.0001 snap=-1

g.region vect=boundaries

#define REALTEK_VENDER_ID  0x10EC
#define REALTEK_DEVICE_ID   0x8139

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/stddef.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
int init_module(void)
{
    struct pci_dev *pdev;
    pdev = pci_find_device(REALTEK_VENDER_ID, REALTEK_DEVICE_ID, NULL);
    if(!pdev)
        printk("<1>Device not found\n");
    else
        printk("<1>Device found\n");
    return 0;
}

static struct pci_dev* probe_for_realtek8139(void) 
{
        struct pci_dev *pdev = NULL;
        /* Ensure we are not working on a non-PCI system *
        if(!pci_present( )) {
               LOG_MSG("<1>pci not present\n");
               return pdev;
        }

#define REALTEK_VENDER_ID  0x10EC
#define REALTEK_DEVICE_ID  0X8139

        /* Look for RealTek 8139 NIC */
        pdev = pci_find_device(REALTEK_VENDER_ID, REALTEK_DEVICE_ID, NULL);
        if(pdev) {
               /* device found, enable it */
               if(pci_enable_device(pdev)) {
                       LOG_MSG("Could not enable the device\n");
                       return NULL;
               }
               else
                       LOG_MSG("Device enabled\n");
        }
        else {
               LOG_MSG("device not found\n");
               return pdev;
        }
        return pdev;
}

int init_module(void) 
{
        struct pci_dev *pdev;
        pdev = probe_for_realtek8139();
        if(!pdev)
               return 0;

        return 0;
}
struct net_device 
{
  char *name;
  unsigned long base_addr;
  unsigned char addr_len;
  unsigned char dev_addr[MAX_ADDR_LEN];
  unsigned char broadcast[MAX_ADDR_LEN];
  unsigned short hard_header_len;
  unsigned char irq;
  int (*open) (struct net_device *dev);
  int (*stop) (struct net_device *dev);
  int (*hard_start_xmit) (struct sk_buff *skb,  struct net_device *dev);
  struct net_device_stats* (*get_stats)(struct net_device *dev);
  void *priv;
};
struct rtl8139_private 
{
        struct pci_dev *pci_dev;  /* PCI device */
        void *mmio_addr; /* memory mapped I/O addr */
        unsigned long regs_len; /* length of I/O or MMI/O region */
};

#define DRIVER "rtl8139"
static struct net_device *rtl8139_dev;

static int rtl8139_init(struct pci_dev *pdev, struct net_device **dev_out) 
{
        struct net_device *dev;
        struct rtl8139_private *tp;

        /* 
         * alloc_etherdev allocates memory for dev and dev->priv.
         * dev->priv shall have sizeof(struct rtl8139_private) memory
         * allocated.
         */
        dev = alloc_etherdev(sizeof(struct rtl8139_private));
        if(!dev) {
               LOG_MSG("Could not allocate etherdev\n");
               return -1;
        }

        tp = dev->priv;
        tp->pci_dev = pdev;
        *dev_out = dev;

        return 0;
}

int init_module(void) 
{
        struct pci_dev *pdev;
        unsigned long mmio_start, mmio_end, mmio_len, mmio_flags;
        void *ioaddr;
        struct rtl8139_private *tp;
        int i;

        pdev = probe_for_realtek8139( );
        if(!pdev)
               return 0;

        if(rtl8139_init(pdev, &rtl8139_dev)) {
               LOG_MSG("Could not initialize device\n");
               return 0;
        }

        tp = rtl8139_dev->priv; /* rtl8139 private information */

        /* get PCI memory mapped I/O space base address from BAR1 */
        mmio_start = pci_resource_start(pdev, 1);
        mmio_end = pci_resource_end(pdev, 1);
        mmio_len = pci_resource_len(pdev, 1);
        mmio_flags = pci_resource_flags(pdev, 1);

        /* make sure above region is MMI/O */
        if(!(mmio_flags & I/ORESOURCE_MEM)) {
               LOG_MSG("region not MMI/O region\n");
               goto cleanup1;
        }

        /* get PCI memory space */
        if(pci_request_regions(pdev, DRIVER)) {
               LOG_MSG("Could not get PCI region\n");
               goto cleanup1;
        }

        pci_set_master(pdev);

        /* ioremap MMI/O region */
        ioaddr = ioremap(mmio_start, mmio_len);
        if(!ioaddr) {
               LOG_MSG("Could not ioremap\n");
               goto cleanup2;
        }

        rtl8139_dev->base_addr = (long)ioaddr;
        tp->mmio_addr = ioaddr;
        tp->regs_len = mmio_len;

        /* UPDATE NET_DEVICE */

        for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) {  /* Hardware Address */
               rtl8139_dev->dev_addr[i] = readb(rtl8139_dev->base_addr+i);
               rtl8139_dev->broadcast[i] = 0xff;
        }
        rtl8139_dev->hard_header_len = 14;

        memcpy(rtl8139_dev->name, DRIVER, sizeof(DRIVER)); /* Device Name */
        rtl8139_dev->irq = pdev->irq;  /* Interrupt Number */
        rtl8139_dev->open = rtl8139_open;
        rtl8139_dev->stop = rtl8139_stop;
        rtl8139_dev->hard_start_xmit = rtl8139_start_xmit;
        rtl8139_dev->get_stats = rtl8139_get_stats;

        /* register the device */
        if(register_netdev(rtl8139_dev)) {
               LOG_MSG("Could not register netdevice\n");
               goto cleanup0;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int rtl8139_open(struct net_device *dev) { LOG_MSG("rtl8139_open is
called\n"); return 0; }

static int rtl8139_stop(struct net_device *dev) 
{
        LOG_MSG("rtl8139_open is called\n");
        return 0;
}

static int rtl8139_start_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev) 
{
        LOG_MSG("rtl8139_start_xmit is called\n");
        return 0;
}

static struct net_device_stats* rtl

November 2008 (#156):

Mailbag

This month's answers created by:

Gazette Matters

Undeliverable mail: Delivery reports about your e-mail

Still Searching

MPPP Problem

iptables configuration in debian

[OT] Booting mackbooks (was Help with Linux !)

Our Mailbag

deleted file recovery

startx problem

What is the policy of apt in lenny ?

How to get fancy terminal ?

Help with Linux !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

apt sources.list for multimedia

How to modify linux console ?

(How do I run/install downloaded programs using linux?)

ISP blues (was: iptables configuration in debain)

Talkback

Talkback:124/smith.html

Talkback:155/xkcd.html

Talkback:155/lg_tips.html

Talkback:152/srinivasan.html

Talkback: [LG 86] 2c Tips #20

News Bytes

Contents:

News in General

Linux Kernel 2.6.27.2 Launched

Mono 2.0 Release - Major Milestone Reached

Who says Open Source isn't about money?

Away with the keyboards and mice!

Which came first, the 3-D printer or the 3-D printer it made?

Conferences and Events

Distro News

Ubuntu 7.04 End of Support on October 19th

Red Hat High Performance Computing (HPC) Solution Launched

Ubuntu 8.10 Server Focuses on Java, Virtualization, and System Management updates

Ubuntu 8.10 To Be Released on October 30th

Debian 4.0r5

Linux Mint 5 Fluxbox Released

Foresight Linux 2.0.5

Software and Product News

Java 6 Updated!

Flash Player 10 Launched

Gnome 2.24

VMWare Workstation 6.5 Released

A (not so) short overview of the Geographic Information System GRASS

Introduction

1.1 Basic features and documentation

1.2 Installing GRASS

1.3 Running GRASS

1.4 Excursus: projections and coordinate systems

1.5 Creating a location: the quest for data

2. Elevation data

2.1 Importing a raster map

2.2 Displaying and patching raster maps

3. Landsat data

3.1 Making a raster map from existing ones

4. Getting state and districts' boundaries

4.1 Managing a vector map

4.2 Vector to raster conversion

5. Land cover map

5.1 Land cover map of US

6. Climatological data

Moving further

Writing Network Device Drivers for Linux

Introduction

Preparing for Driver Development

Starting Driver Development

Detecting the Device

Enabling the Device

Understanding Network Devices

Bus-Independent Device Access

Memory-Mapped I/O

Accessing the device

Port Space Access

Accessing Port Space or I/O mapped devices

Understanding PCI Configuration Space

Initializing net_device